Linux system 9

Shell script : ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ

๊ณ„์ • ์ผ๊ด„ ์ƒ์„ฑ/์‚ญ์ œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(usermake.sh)์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์ •์„ ์ผ๊ด„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.๊ณ„์ • ์‚ญ์ œ ์‹œ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ผ๊ด„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•œ๋‹ค.for ๋ฌธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ#!/bin/bashecho "****** ๊ณ„์ • ์ผ๊ด„ ์ƒ์„ฑ/์‚ญ์ œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ******"echo "1. ๊ณ„์ • ์ผ๊ด„ ์ƒ์„ฑ"echo "2. ๊ณ„์ • ์ผ๊ด„ ์‚ญ์ œ"echo "3. ์ข…๋ฃŒ"echo -n "๋ฉ”๋‰ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”(1~3) : ";read numif [ $num -eq 1 ];then echo -n "์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ๊ณ„์ •๋ช… : ";read add_name echo -n "์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜ : ";read add_count for (( i=1 ; i  ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ณ„์ • ์ผ๊ด„ ์ƒ์„ฑ ํ›„ ํ™•์ธ์ด๋ฆ„: nenjin๊ฐœ์ˆ˜: 100๊ฐœ[r..

Linux system 2024.03.27

Shell Script: Redirection ์‹ค์Šต

Redirection์ด๋ž€๋ช…๋ น์ด ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์…ธ์—์„œ ํ•ด์„๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ๋ช…๋ น์˜ ์ž…/์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ Redirectionํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด๋‹ค.๋ช…๋ น์˜ ํŒŒ์ผ ํ•ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ด๊ณ , ๋‹ซ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ช…๋ น์ด ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Three Standard File Descriptors> , >> , stdin (File Descriptor 0)stdout (File Descriptor 1)stderr (File Descriptor 2) ํ‘œ์ค€ ์ž…๋ ฅ stdin (0)ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ถœ๋ ฅ[root@localhost ~]# cat1 //์ž…๋ ฅ1 //์ถœ๋ ฅ2 //์ž…๋ ฅ2 //์ถœ๋ ฅ3 //์ž…๋ ฅ3 //์ถœ๋ ฅ4 //์ž…๋ ฅ4 //์ถœ๋ ฅ sort ๋ช…๋ น์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ์ •๋ ฌ[..

Linux system 2024.03.27

Shell Script : ํŒŒ์ผ ํ˜•์‹ ํ™•์ธ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์‚ฌ

์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ#!/bin/bashecho -n "ํŒŒ์ผ๋ช…์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š” : ";read nameif [ -e $name ];then if [ -f $name ];then echo "$nameํŒŒ์ผ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํŒŒ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." cp $name /root/blog elif [ -d $name ];then echo "$nameํŒŒ์ผ์€ ๋””๋ ‰ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌํŒŒ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." elif [ -L $name ];then echo "$nameํŒŒ์ผ์€ ๋งํฌํŒŒ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." cp $name /root/blog else echo "ํ•ด๋‹น ํŒŒ์ผ์€ ๋””๋ ‰ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ/๋งํฌ/์ผ..

Linux system 2024.03.21

MariaDB ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์‹ค์Šต(์ž…๋ ฅ/์ˆ˜์ •/์‚ญ์ œ)

1. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ์ƒ์„ฑMariaDB [(none)]> create database kmj;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> use kmj;Database changedMariaDB [kmj]> create table member(no int, name varchar(20), class varchar(10)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.005 sec)MariaDB [kmj]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| WebTest || information_schema || khacademy ..

Linux system 2024.03.18

SSL/TLS์™€ PKI ๊ตฌ์กฐ

SSL๋ž€?๋„ท์Šค์ผ€์ดํ”„(Netscape)๊ฐ€ 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์ด๋‹ค.์ฃผ์š” ์—ญํ• : ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์™€ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์„ฑ(์•”ํ˜ธํ™”), ๋ฌด๊ฒฐ์„ฑ(๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ณ€์กฐ ๋ฐฉ์ง€), ์ธ์ฆ(์„œ๋ฒ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์–‘์ธก ์‹ ์› ํ™•์ธ)์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.์ตœ์‹  SSL ๋ฒ„์ „์€ SSL 3.0์œผ๋กœ, ์ดํ›„ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. TLS๋ž€?SSL์˜ ํ›„์† ๋ฒ„์ „์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋ณด์•ˆ ํ‘œ์ค€์ด๋‹ค.IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, SSL์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์ด๋‹ค.TLS์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „์€ TLS 1.3(2018๋…„ ๋ฐœํ‘œ)์ด๋‹ค.TLS๋Š” SSL๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ์ธ์ฆ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. SSL์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฒ„์ „, TLS๋Š” ๋”..

Linux system 2024.03.18

DHCP Relay Agent ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ

DHCP Relay Agent๋ž€DHCP Relay Agent๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ DHCP ์„œ๋ฒ„์™€ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ์ค‘๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.์ฃผ๋กœ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์™€ ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„œ๋ธŒ๋„ท์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„œ๋ธŒ๋„ท์—์„œ DHCP ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด DHCP Relay Agent๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.   DHCP Relay Agent ๋™์ž‘ ๊ณผ์ •ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์˜ DHCP Discover ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ์ „์†ก:DHCP ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋ฉด, IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด DHCP Discover ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ธŒ๋กœ๋“œ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์„œ๋ธŒ๋„ท ๋‚ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค.DHCP Relay Agent์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹ :DHCP Discover ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•œ ๋ผ์šฐํ„ฐ(ํ˜น์€ DHCP Relay Agent)๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ..

Linux system 2024.03.04

DHCP ์ž„๋Œ€ ์ˆœ์„œ

DHCP๋ž€?์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํŒ…๋ ๋•ŒIP์ฃผ์†Œ, ์„œ๋ธŒ๋„ท ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ, ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์›จ์ด ์ฃผ์†Œ, DNS ์„œ๋ฒ„ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์ด๋‹ค.UDP ํฌํŠธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ 67๋ฒˆ(์ถœ๋ฐœ์ง€),68๋ฒˆ(๋„์ฐฉ์ง€)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์žฅ์  : ํ•œ์ •๋œ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™œ์šฉ   DHCP ์ž„๋Œ€์ˆœ์„œ1. DiscoverClient๋Š” DHCP Server๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”(Discover) ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค. 2. Offer์ฃผ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ IP, SM, ์ž„๋Œ€์‹œ๊ฐ„, Domain ์ด๋ฆ„, DNS์ฃผ์†Œ, Gateway๋ฅผ ์‘๋‹ตํ•œ๋‹ค.3. Requestํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ฒ„์—๊ฒŒ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ์˜ ์Šน์ธ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค 4. Ack์„œ๋ฒ„์—์„œ IP ์ฃผ์†Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์Šน์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์†Œ ์ž„๋Œ€๋ฐฉํ–ฅ..

Linux system 2024.03.04

DNS ๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„(Mail Server) ๋™์ž‘๋ฐฉ์‹

Mail Service ๋™์ž‘๋ฐฉ์‹MUA(๋ฉ”์ผ ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ)์—์„œ ๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค.MTA(๋ฉ”์ผ ์„œ๋ฒ„)์—์„œ ๋ฉ”์ผ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ(ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ฉ”์ผ ์ „์†ก ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฉ”์ผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†ก์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ฉ”์ผํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค.์ˆ˜์‹ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ”์ผํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค.์šฐ์ฒด๊ตญ ์„œ๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ”์ผํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค.(MRA)์ˆ˜์‹  ๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ์ „์†กํ•œ๋‹ค. MUA(Mail User Agent)Mail Client๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ E-mail์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ๋‹ต์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ญ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋‹ค.MUA์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” ์œ ๋„๋ผ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ ์•„์›ƒ๋ฃฉ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. MTA(Mail T..

Linux system 2024.02.28

์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ

1. ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”(Encryption)์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‹ค.์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๋ฌธ → ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฌธ → ํ‰๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋ณตํ˜ธํ™”(Decryption)์ด๋ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.  2. ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋‹จ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ (One-way Encryption)ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. = ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณตํ˜ธํ™”๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.ํ‰๋ฌธ → ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฌธ (O)์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฌธ → ํ‰๋ฌธ (X) ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ (Two-way Encryption)์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”์™€ ๋ณตํ˜ธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. (1) ๋Œ€์นญ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ๋ฐฉ์‹์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ‚ค = ๋ณตํ˜ธํ™”ํ‚ค์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ‚ค์™€ ๋ณตํ˜ธํ™”ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค.์•”ํ˜ธํ‚ค ์ „๋‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ถœ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ข…๋ฅ˜๋น„๋ฐ€ํ‚ค(Secret key)๊ณต์œ ํ‚ค(Shared key)๋Œ€์นญํ‚ค(Symmetric key) ๋“ฑ..(2) ๋น„๋Œ€..

Linux system 2024.02.15